1 Linux Fundamentals

What file contains a list of all network-accessible services and their related ports?

/etc/services

Which action will display your hardware device profile on your Linux system?

Type Ishw from the terminal.

You must create a directory named spreadsheets in the Documents directory belonging to user steve. Your current working directory (PWD) is /home/steve. What command would you USE?

mkdir Documents/spreadsheets

Using systemd tools, how would you set the default runlevel so the machine automatically boots to a graphical user interface (GUI)

systemctl set-default graphical.target

5.What is an advantage of using tar instead of zip ?

tar preserves Unix filesystem features.

What file contains the system and user created groups?

/etc/group

When using Debian or Red Hat systems, which package must you install and configure to allow for incoming Secure Shell (SSH) connections to Linux systems?

openssh-server

What tool does the Debian manual recommend you use to create a new user when working on Debian/Ubuntu-based systems?

adduser

You must write a shell script to repeat a command once every hour and only stop if you kill or interrupt the script. What action should you take to best accomplish this?

Use a while loop with an hour long sleep timer.

You are reviewing the output from running netstat and notice a port 21 is active and listening. What would you deduce from this information?

A File Transfer Protocol (FTP) daemon is running on the local host.

You plan to build your own Ubuntu server image for a cloud deployment. What is the minimum disk space you will need for the operating system (OS) itself?

4 GB

What command could a non-root user issue to update Debian/Ubuntu repositories?

sudo apt update

Which code will print a complete, easy-to-read list of the Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) devices connected to your machine?

1spci

What application allows you to install third-party software on an Ubuntu system?

Advanced Package Tool (APT)

What folder contains most of the human-editable configuration files that control how applications operate?

/etc

You just installed a new Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) network card and Linux did not immediately recognize it. What tool do you need to enable the kernel module to run the card?

modprobe module-name

On most modern Linux systems, what file contains the list of users and encrypted versions of their passwords?

/etc/shadow

How would you adjust the display resolution in distributions using the GNOME 3 desktop (but not the Wayland compositor) to 1366x768 using the command line?

xrandr --size 1366x768

Using systemd tools, how would you change the current target to allow only command-line access?

systemctl isolate multi-user.target

Which Linux desktop is best suited for older, slower, or low-powered hardware?

XForms Common Environment (Xfce)

Which flag would you add to a useradd command in a CentOS system if you wanted to add new users to one or more additional groups?

-G

At a minimum, which is a valid, standalone, tar command?

tar -cf archive. tar foo.txt

In a Bash shell, what would you type to set an environment variable of EDITOR to nano and add the setting to your environment?

EDITOR=/usi/bin/nano; export EDITOR

What command dumps socket connection statistics?

ss

What command lists only directories in the /etc directory?

ls -d /etc/*/

What setting must you edit on the server-side machine to allow remote graphic sessions over Secure Shell (SSH)?

The X11Forwarding line in the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file

When using CentOS, which file contains the configurations controlling way the useradd command will define system and user account unique identifiers (UIDs)?

/etc/login.defs

What command would you use to change a file's group to root for a file named users.txt?

sudo chgrp root users.txt

Which command would you use to determine the distribution name and version of your Linux system?

cat /etc/os-release