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第二节 Groovy 基础

1、 字符串与列表

1-1 Groovy - 简介

  • Groovy是一种功能强大，可选类型和动态语言，支持Java平台
  • 旨在提高开发人员的生产力得益于简洁，熟悉且简单易学的语法。
  • 可以与任何Java程序顺利集成，并立即为您的应用程序提供强大的功能， 包括脚本编写功能，特定领域语言编写，运行时和编译时元编程以及函数式编程

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1-2 Install Groovy

https://groovy-lang.org/install.html

You should now have Groovy installed properly. You can test this by typing the following in a command shell:

groovysh

$ groovysh
Groovy Shell (3.0.4, JVM: 13.0.2)
Type ':help' or ':h' for help.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
groovy:000> println("hello world");
hello world
===> null

Which should create an interactive groovy shell where you can type Groovy statements. 

groovyConsole

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To run a specific Groovy script type:

groovy SomeScript

1-3 Groovy 数据类型

  • 字符串表示：单引号、双引号、三引号
  • 常用方法：
    • contains()工是否包含特定内容返回true false
    • size() length()字符串数量大小长度
    • toString() 转换成string类型 indexOf()
    • 元素的索引 endsWith() 是否指定字符结尾
    • minus() plus() 去掉、增加字符串
    • reverse() 反向排序
    • substring(1,2)字符串的指定索引开始的子字符串
    • toUpperCase() toLowerCase()字符串大小写转换
    • split()字符串分割默认空格分割返回列表 
groovy:000> "devsecurityops".contains("ops")
===> true
groovy:000> "devsecurityops".contains("users")
===> false
groovy:000> "devsecurityops".endsWith("ops")
===> true
groovy:000> "devsecurityops".endsWith("abc")
===> false
groovy:000> "devsecurityops".length()
===> 14
groovy:000> "devsecurityops".size()
===> 14
groovy:000> "dev"+"ops"
===> devops
groovy:000> "devops" - "dev"
===> ops

groovy:000> "devops".toUpperCase()
===> DEVOPS
groovy:000> "DEVOPS".toLowerCase()
===> devops

 "dev1,dev2,dev3"
===> dev1,dev2,dev3

groovy:000>  "host1,host2,host3".split(',')
===> [host1, host2, host3]

groovy:000> hosts = "host1,host2,host3".split(',')
===> [host1, host2, host3]

groovy:000> for( i in hosts){
groovy:001>   println(i)
groovy:002> }
host1
host2
host3
===> null

groovy:000> result = [1,2,3,4].add(5)
===> true

1-4 Groovy数据类型一list

  • 列表符号：[]
  • 常用方法
    • ＋ - ＋ -= 元素增加减少
    • add() << 添加元素
    • isEmpty()判断是否为空
    • intersect([2,3]) disjoint([1]） 取交集、判断是否有交集
    • flatten(） 合并嵌套的列表
    • unique()去重
    • reverse() sort()反转升序
    • count() 元素个数
    • join(） 将元素按照参数链接
    • sum() min() max(） 求和最小值最大值
    • contains() 包含特定元素
    • remove(2) removeAll()
    • each{}遍历 
groovy:000> []
===> []
groovy:000> [1,2,3,4] + 4
===> [1, 2, 3, 4, 4]
groovy:000> [1,2,3,4] + 46
===> [1, 2, 3, 4, 46]
groovy:000> [1,2,3,4] << 14
===> [1, 2, 3, 4, 14]
groovy:000> result = [1,2,3,4].add(5)
===> true
groovy:000> print(result)
true===> null
groovy:000> [2,3,4,5,6,6,6].unique()
===> [2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
groovy:000> [2,3,4,5,6,6,6].join("-")
===> 2-3-4-5-6-6-6
groovy:000> [2,3,4,5,6,6,6].each{
groovy:001> println it}
2
3
4
5
6
6
6
===> [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 6, 6]

2、 字典条件语句与循环

本节介绍 Groovy 基础语法中的字典条件语句循环语句。

2-1 Groovy数据类型一Map

  • 表示： [:]
  • 常用方法：
    • size() map 大小
    • ['key'].key get() 获取value
    • isEmpty () 是否为空 containKey () 是否包含key
    • containValue （）是否包含指定的value
    • keySet (） 生成key的列表
    • each{}遍历map
    • remove( 'a'）删除元素(k-v) 
groovy:000> [:]
===> [:]
groovy:000> [1:2]
===> [1:2]
groovy:000> [1:2][1]
===> 2

groovy:000> [1:2,3:4,5:6].keySet()
===> [1, 3, 5]
groovy:000> [1:2,3:4,5:6].values()
===> [2, 4, 6]

groovy:000> [1:2,3:4,5:6]+[7:8]
===> [1:2, 3:4, 5:6, 7:8]

groovy:000> [1:2,3:4,5:6]-[1:2]
===> [3:4, 5:6]

2-2 Groovy条件语句一if

if（表达式）{ 
    //xxxx 
    } else if（表达式2) {
    //xxxxx 
    } else { 
    // 
    } 

groovy:000> buildType = "maven"
===> maven
groovy:000> if (buildType == "maven"){
groovy:001>   println("This is a maven project");
groovy:002> } else if(buildType == "gradle"){
groovy:003>   println("project type error");
groovy:004> }
This is a maven project
===> null

2-3 Groovy条件语句一switch

switch(" ${buildType}")
{ 
    case: "maven":
    //xxxx 
    break;
    case "ant": 
    //xxxx 
    break; 
    default:
    //xxxx 
}

buildType = "maven";
switch("${buildType}"){ 
case 'maven': 
    println("This is a maven project !"); 
    break;
    ;;
    case 'gradle': 
    println("This is a gradle projects !"); 
    break;
    ;; 
    default: 
    println("Project Type Error");
    ;;
}

$ groovy switch.groovy 
This is a maven project !

groovy:000> langs = ["java","python","ruby"]
===> [java, python, ruby]

$ groovy for.groovy 
lang is java
lang is python
lang is ruby

3、函数使用

3-1 def定义函数语法：

 def PrintMes(Value){ 
    printin(Value) 
    //xxxx 
    return value 
 } 

def PrintMes(info){ 
    println (info) 
    return info 
} 

response = PrintMes("DevOps") 
println(response)

3-2 Groovy正则表达式

@NonCPS 
String getBranch(String branchName){ 
    def matcher = （branchName =~ "RELEASE-[0-9]{4}") 
    if (matcher.find()) { 
        newBranchName = matcher[0] 
        } else { 
        newBranchName = branchName 
        ) 
    newBranchName 
} 

newBranchName = getBranch(branchName) 
println("New branch Name" ----> ${newBranchName}")

4、 常用的 Pipeline DSL 方法

4-1 常用 DSL- readJSON- JSON 数据格式化

def response = readJSON text: "${scanResult}" 
println(scanResult) 

//原生方法

import groovy.json.* 

@NonCPS 

def GetJson(text) {
    def prettyJson = JsonOutput.prettyPrint(text) 
    new JsonSlurperClassic().parseText(prettyJson) 
}

4-2 常用DSL-withCredentials

withCredentias([string(credentialsId: "xxxxx", variable: "sonarToken")])
{ 
    printin(sonarToken) 
}

4-3 常用DSL一checkout

//Git 
checkout([$class: 'GitSCM', branches:  [[name: "branchName"]],          
            doGenerateSubmoduleConfigurations: false, 
            extensions: [], submoduleCfg: [], 
            userRemoteConfigs: [[credentialsId: "${credentialsId}", 
            url: "${srcUrl}"]]])

//Svn 
checkout([$class: 'SubversionSCM', additionalCredentials: [], 
            filterChangelog: false, ignoreDirPropChanges: false, 
            locations: [[credentialsId: "${credentialsId}", 
            depthOption: 'infinity', ignoreExternalsOption: true, 
            remote: "${svnUrl}"]], workspaceUpdater: [$class: 'CheckoutUpdater']] 
)

4-4常用DSL一 publishHTML

publishHTML([allowMissing: false, 
    alwaysLinkToLastBuild: false, 
    keepAll: true, 
    reportDir: './report/', 
    reportFiles: "a.html, b.html", 
    reportName: 'InterfaceTestReport', 
    reportTitles: 'HTML'
])

4-5常用DSL 一 input

def result = input message: '选择xxxxx’, 
                ok: '提交',
                parameters: [extendedChoice( 
                        description: 'xxxxx', 
                        descriptionPropertyValue:'', 
                        multiSelectDelimiter: ',', 
                        name: 'failePositiveCases', 
                        quoteValue: false, 
                        saveJSONParameterToFile: false, 
                        type: 'PT_CHECKBOX', 
                        value: "1,2,3", 
                        visibleltemCount: 99)] 
println(result)

4-6 常用DSL-BuildUser

wrap([$class: 'BuildUser']) {
    echo "full name is $BUILD_USER" 
    echo "user id is $BUILD_USER_ID" 
    echo "user email is $BUILD_USER_EMAIL"  
}

4-7 常用DSL一 httpRequest

ApiUrl = "http://xxxxxx/api/project_branches/list?project=${projectName}" 
Result = httpRequest authentication: 'xxxxxxxxx', 
    quiet: true, 
    contentType: 'APPLICATION_JSON' , 
    url: "${ApiUrl}"

4-8 常用DSL一 email

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